Legal Consequences of Electronic Contracts Entered into by Minors on Marketplace Platforms under Indonesian Contract Law

Abstract

This study examines the legal consequences of electronic contracts entered into by minors on marketplace platforms under Indonesian contract law and their implications for legal certainty in electronic transactions. Using normative legal research with statutory and conceptual approaches, this study analyzes primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials through a literature review. The findings show that electronic transactions entered into by minors may establish contractual relationships where consent has been expressed. However, failure to satisfy the legal capacity requirement under Articles 1320 and 1330 of the Indonesian Civil Code renders the contract voidable rather than null and void. Unclear age-verification mechanisms on marketplace platforms further create legal uncertainty. Therefore, stronger regulation on age verification and clearer responsibilities for marketplace operators are necessary to protect minors, ensure legal certainty, and maintain a fair balance of interests among parties to electronic transactions.