Industrial Agglomeration: Suatu Studi Literatur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37631/jri.v4i1.515Keywords:
industrial agglomeration, studi literatur, lingkungan, IndonesiaAbstract
Industrial agglomeration merupakan sekelompok perusahaan dalam satu atau beberapa industri yang saling berhubungan yang terkonsentrasi di suatu wilayah tertentu, yang disatukan oleh kepentingan bersama dan saling melengkapi. Industrial agglomeration juga dapat meningkatkan kemajuan ekonomi dan mencapai tingkatan dimana dapat mengurangi konsumsi energi dan emisi polutan sampai batas tertentu. Proses industrialisasi yang cepat sering dianggap sebagai penyebab utama masalah polusi. Masalah lingkungan merupakan masalah gaya hidup dan metode produksi, dan dalam hal metode produksi, semua jenis perusahaan, terutama yang memiliki polusi tingkat tinggi, dan memiliki tanggung jawab, dimana perusahaan-perusahaan ini telah mengikuti strategi pertumbuhan ekstensif dengan investasi tinggi, konsumsi tinggi, teknologi kurang canggih, dan efisiensi rendah, serta telah menjadi penyebab utama pencemaran lingkungan. Faktor lain yaitu infrastruktur transportasi, dimana aglomerasi industri berfungsi sebagai mediator dalam hubungannya dengan efisiensi energi, menunjukkan bahwa infrastruktur transportasi tidak hanya secara langsung mempengaruhi efisiensi energi, tetapi juga memberikan efek tidak langsung melalui industrial agglomeration Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui variabel-variabel yang terkait dengan industrial agglomeration. Metode penelitian ini yang digunakan adalah studi literatur (literature review) menggunakan 17 artikel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beberapa penelitian menunjukkan hasil senada untuk beberapa variabel yaitu energy efficiency, environmental efficiency, dan haze pollution. Di Indonesia, konurbasi dipercepat setelah pembangunan jalan raya yang menghubungkan Jakarta dan Bandung, dan populasi serta kawasan terbangun di sepanjang koridor telah tumbuh jauh lebih cepat daripada inti kedua kawasan metropolitan tersebut, dimana empat faktor kemungkinan telah mendorong ekspansi perkotaan ini yaitu kebijakan pemerintah yang tidak efektif, permukiman pribadi dan pengembangan kota baru, pengembangan kawasan industri swasta, dan infrastruktur. Kawasan strategis cenderung berorientasi di dalam kawasannya sendiri dan hanya menyebar ke kawasan/kota lain yang hampir maju, dimana hal ini membuat hubungan antar daerah cenderung tidak seimbang, dan untuk mengembangkan interaksi yang seimbang/tepat, konsep adaptif dapat diterapkan dengan memperkuat database, melakukan analisis manfaat-biaya-risiko, mengidentifikasi potensi konflik, membuat prioritas, skenario dan tindakan korektif, serta melibatkan publik.References
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Copyright (c) 2022 Bhenu Artha, Cahya Purnama Asri, Niken Permata Sari, Khofifa Az Zahra
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